Ce document regroupe les codes TIKZ des figures utilisées pour le cours "Quelques instruments" situé à la page : http://femto-physique.fr/optique_geometrique/opt_C4.php
% !TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
% J.Roussel
% Ce document regroupe les codes TIKZ des figures utilisées pour le cours "Quelques instruments" situé à la page http://femto-physique.fr/optique_geometrique/opt_C4.php
%-------------------------------------------
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\input{styles_optique}
\title{Figures TikZ du cours "Instruments d'optique}
\author{J.Roussel}
\begin{document}
% =========================================================
% % ======== punctum proximum 2012-09-21 =============
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,decoration={markings,mark=at position 1cm with
{\arrow[]{stealth};}}]
\oeil[shift={(0.75,0)},rotate=180];
\draw[thin,->](-4,0)--++(5,0);
\draw[ultra thick] (-3,0)--++(0,0.75);
\draw[dashed] (-3,0.75)--(0,0);
\draw[|<->|] (-3,-1)--++(3,0) node[pos=0.5,above]{$d_{\rm m}$}; \draw (-1.3,0) arc(180:{180-atan(1/4)}:1.3);
\draw (174:1.5) node{$\theta$};
\end{tikzpicture}
% =========================================================
% principe de la loupe
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,decoration={markings,mark=at position 1cm with
{\arrow[]{stealth};}}]
\draw[red,dashed] (-1.5,0.75)--++({180-atan(1/2)}:3);
\draw[red,dashed] (-1.5,0.85)--++({180-atan(1/2)}:3);
\draw[red,postaction={decorate}] (-3,0.75)--++(1.5,0)--(0,0);
\draw[red,postaction={decorate}] (-3,0.75)--++({-atan(1/2)}:3);
\draw[red,postaction={decorate}] (-3,0.75)--++(1.5,0.1)--(0,0.1);
\draw[thin](-4,0)--++(4,0);
\draw[ultra thick] (-3,0)--++(0,0.75);
\draw[shift={(-1.5,0)},ultra thick,<->,>=latex] (0,-1.5)--++(0,3) node[above]{$\mathcal{L}$};
\draw[|<->|] (-3,-1)--++(1.5,0)node[pos=0.5,above]{$f'$};
\draw (-1,0) arc(180:{180-atan(1/2)}:1);
\draw (170:1.2) node{$\theta'$};
\oeil[shift={(0.6,-0.2)},rotate=160,fill=white];
\end{tikzpicture}
% =========================================================
% Appareil photo 19 Sept. 2012
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,decoration={markings,mark=at position 25mm with {\arrow[red]{stealth};},mark=at position 55mm with {\arrow[red]{stealth};}}]
\draw [thick,fill=lightgray!30!white,opacity=0.5](0,2)--++(0.2,0)--++(0.05,0.07)--++(0.8,0)--++(0.05,-0.1)--++(0.5,0)--++(0.05,0.07)--++(0.3,0)--++(0,1)--++(0.5,1)--++(2,-0.5)--++(0,-3.7)--++(-2.5,0)--++(0,0.15)--++(-0.3,0)--++(-0.05,0.07)--++(-0.5,0)--++(-0.05,-0.1)--++(-0.8,0)--++(-0.05,0.07)--++(-0.2,0)-- cycle;
\draw[scale=0.45,verre,shift={(0.5,2.22)}] (0,-2) to[bend left] (0,2) to [bend left] (0,-2);%biconvexe1
\draw[scale=0.5,verre,shift={(1.25,2)},rotate=180] (0,-2)to[bend left=10](0,2)--++(0.7,0)to[bend right=35] (0.7,-2)--cycle;%concave-convexe
\draw[scale=0.5,verre,shift={(2,2)}] (0,-2) to[bend left=10] (0,2) to [bend left=5] (0,-2);%biconvexe2
\draw[scale=0.5,verre,shift={(3.5,2)}] (0,-2) to[bend left=15] (0,2) to [bend left=8] (0,-2);%biconvexe3
\draw[shift={(1.5,1)},thick,|-,>=latex] (-5pt,0.45)--++(0,0.5);%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(4.5,1)},ultra thick] (-5pt,1)--++(0,-2);%capteur
\draw[shift={(3.5,1)},ultra thick,rotate=-45,gray] (-5pt,1)--++(0,-2);%miroir
\draw[shift={(2.15,3.2)},verre,scale=0.7] (0,0)--++(0.5,1)--++(2,-0.5)--++(0,-1.5)--++(-2,0)-- cycle;%pentaprisme
\draw[shift={(4.5,3)},draw=gray,fill=white,rounded corners=2pt](-5pt,0)--++(5pt,0)--++(0,-15pt)--++(-5pt,0)-- cycle;%viseur
\draw[red, postaction={decorate},->] (-1,1)--++(4.2,0)--++(0,2.7)--++(-0.85,-0.9)--++(3,0);%rayon
\oeil[shift={(6.5,2.8)},scale=1,rotate=180];
%legende
\draw[thin,*-] (0.4,2)--++(0,3) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,1\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (1.5,2)++(-5pt,0)--++(0,3) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,2\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (3,3.7)--++(0,1.3) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,3\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (4.5,3)++(-5pt,0)-|++(0.5,2) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,4\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (4.5,0)++(-6pt,0)-|++(0.5,-2) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,5\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (4,1.7)++(-5pt,0)--++(0,-3.7) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,6\,$};
\draw[thin,*-] (-0.5,1)++(0,2pt)--++(0,-3) node[fill=white,draw,circle]{\small $\,7\,$};
\draw[gray] (-1,5.5) node{\scriptsize{\copyright J. Roussel -- Sept.2012}};
\node[text width=5cm, minimum width=5.2cm,minimum height=4cm] at (9,2) {
\begin{enumerate}
\item Objectif
\item Diaphragme
\item Penta-prisme
\item Viseur
\item Capteur
\item Miroir pivotant
\item Trajet de la lumi\'ere
\end{enumerate}
};
\end{tikzpicture}
% =========================================================
% Champ angulaire d'un appareil photo
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8,decoration={markings,mark=at position 25mm with {\arrow[red]{stealth};},mark=at position 55mm with {\arrow[red]{stealth};}}]
\draw [thick,fill=lightgray!30!white,opacity=0.5]
(0,2)--++(0.2,0)--++(0.05,0.07)--++(0.8,0)--++(0.05,-0.1)--++(0.5,0)
--++(0.05,0.07)--++(0.3,0)--++(0,1)--++(0.5,1)--++(2,-0.5)--++(0,-3.7)--++(-2.5,0)
--++(0,0.15)--++(-0.3,0)--++(-0.05,0.07)--++(-0.5,0)--++(-0.05,-0.1)--++(-0.8,0)
--++(-0.05,0.07)--++(-0.2,0)-- cycle;
\draw[scale=0.5,verre,shift={(1.9,2)}] (0,-2) to[bend left] (0,2) to [bend left] (0,-2);%biconvexe1
\draw[shift={(1.5,1)},thick,|-,>=latex] (-5pt,0.45)--++(0,0.5);%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(1.5,1)},thick,|-,>=latex] (-5pt,-0.5)--++(0,-0.45);%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(4.5,1)},ultra thick] (-0.1,1)--++(0,-2);%capteur
\draw[shift={(2.15,3.2)},verre,scale=0.7](0,0)--++(0.5,1)--++(2,-0.5)--++(0,-1.5)
--++(-2,0)-- cycle;%pentaprisme
\draw[shift={(4.5,3)},draw=gray,fill=white,rounded corners=2pt](-5pt,0)--++(5pt,0)--++(0,-15pt)--++(-5pt,0)-- cycle;%viseur
\draw[red, postaction={decorate}] (-4.05,-0.4)--++(15.7:8.8);%rayon
\draw[red, postaction={decorate}] (-4.05,2.4)--++(-15.7:8.8);%rayon
\draw[shift={(0.95,1)}] (164.3:2) arc(164.3:195.7:2);
\draw[shift={(0.95,1)}] (180:2.5) node{$\Delta \theta$};
\draw[|<->|,>=latex](0.95,-1.5)--(4.4,-1.5)node[midway,below]{$\simeq f'$};
\draw[|<->|,>=latex](4.6,2)--++(0,-2)node[midway,right]{$\ell$};
\end{tikzpicture}
% =========================================================
% Construction associée au calcul de la profondeur de champ.
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,decoration={markings,mark=at position 1cm with
{\arrow[]{stealth};}}]
\coordinate (O1) at (0,0);%centre optique de la première lentille
\coordinate (A) at (-8,0);%position de l'objet
\def\focaleUn{2};%focale de la première lentille
\coordinate (A') at (2.67,0);%position de l'image
\draw[thin,->](-8.5,0)--++(13,0)node[above right,fill=white]{\tiny +};
\draw[shift={(O1)},ultra thick,<->,>=latex](0,-2)--++(0,4)node[above]{Objectif};%lentille convergente
\draw[shift={(O1)},ultra thick] (2.2,-2)--++(0,4)node[above]{capteur};%capteur
\draw[shift={(O1)},thick,|-,>=latex](-5pt,1.5)--++(0,0.5);%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(O1)},thick,|-,>=latex](-5pt,-1.5)--++(0,-0.5);%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(A)},red,postaction={decorate}] (0,0)node{\small $\bullet$}--++(8,1.5)--(A')node{\small$\bullet$};
\draw[shift={(A)},red, postaction={decorate}](0,0)--++(8,-1.5)--(A');
\draw (A)node[below=3pt]{A}; \draw(A')node[below=3pt]{A'};
\draw[shift={(A')},thin,|<-|,>=latex](0,7.5pt)--++(-0.47,0)node[above,midway]{$x$};
\draw[shift={(2,0)},thin,|<->|,>=latex] (0,-7.5pt)--++(0,15pt)node[left,
pos=0.8]{$\phi$};%diaphragme
\draw[shift={(O1)}] (0,0) node[below left=1pt]{O};
\end{tikzpicture}
% =========================================================
% Principe du microscope optique
% =========================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5,decoration={markings,mark=at position 2cm with {\arrow[]{stealth};}}]
\coordinate (O1) at (0,0);%centre optique de la première lentille
\coordinate (O2) at (19.5,0);%centre optique de la deuxième lentille
\coordinate (A) at (-1.0625,0);%position de l'objet
\coordinate (B) at (-1.0625,0.5);%sommet de l'objet
\coordinate (A') at (17,0);%position de l'objet
\coordinate (B') at (17,-8);%sommet de l'objet
\def \focaleUn{1};%focale de la première lentille
\def \focaleDeux{2.5};%focale de la première lentille
\draw[thin,->](-1.5,0)--++(23,0)node[above right,fill=white]{\tiny +};
\draw[|->, thick] (A)node[below]{A}--(B)node[above]{B};
\draw[shift={(O1)},ultra thick,<->,>=latex] (0,-3)--++(0,6) node[above]{$\mathcal{L}_{1}$};%lentille convergente
\draw[shift={(O2)},ultra thick,<->,>=latex] (0,-3)--++(0,6) node[above]{$\mathcal{L}_{2}$};%lentille convergente
\draw[|->, thick] (A)node[below]{A}--(B)node[above]{B};
\draw[|->, thick,gray] (A')node[above]{A'}--(B')node[below]{B'};
\foreach \x/\z in {O1/\focaleUn}
\draw[shift={(\x)}] (\z,-2pt) --++ (0,4pt) node[above right] {\small F'$_1$};
\foreach \x/\z in {O2/\focaleDeux}
\draw[shift={(\x)}] (-\z,2pt) --++ (0,-4pt) node[below right] {\small F$_2$};
\draw[shift={(B)},red, postaction={decorate}] (0,0)--++(1.0625,0)--(B');
\draw[shift={(B)},red, postaction={decorate}] (0,0)--(B');
\draw[shift={(B')},red, postaction={decorate}] (0,0)--++(4,12.8);
\draw[shift={(B')},red, postaction={decorate}](0,0)--++(2.5,9)--++(1.5,4.8);
\draw[shift={(B')},dashed,red] (2.5,9)--++(-3,-9.6);
\draw[shift={(O1)},|<->|,>=latex](1,1)--++(16,0)node[midway,above]{$\Delta$}
;
\oeil[fill=white,shift={(21.4,6.44)},scale=2,rotate={180+atan(3.2)}];
\draw[shift={(O2)}](1,0) arc(0:{atan(3.2)}:1);
\draw[shift={(O2)}]++({atan(1.6)}:1) node[right=5pt]{$\theta'$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}